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Neueste Veröffentlichungen
Spatiotemporal Sequence of Interdependent Nucleation Mechanisms in Ultrathin Polymer Films
Da Huang, Rana Bakhshi, Raoul M. D'Anselme, Günter Reiter. Macromolecules, published online
Employing defined starting conditions of ultrathin molten poly(ethylene oxide) films on model solid substrates, we investigated the spatiotemporal sequence of interdependent mechanisms of crystal nucleation. Due to the limited number and the preferred conformation of polymer chains parallel to the substrate, primary nucleation favored edge-on lamellar crystals, which indirectly induced other subsequent nucleation pathways, enabled through the molten polymer chains accumulated at their peripheral fold surfaces. Both additional edge-on lamellar crystals and branched flat-on lamellar crystals were initiated. For long-chain polymers, spatial correlations between lamellar crystals across intervening noncrystalline regions were established through polymer chains incorporated within neighboring lamellae. (more...)
Decai Lin, Zebin Su, Yuxiang Chen, Jianquan Xu, Günter Reiter, Cuiyun Zhang, Xinping Wang. Macromolecules 59 (2026) 4970–4981
Using infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, we revealed that polymer–substrate interactions, chain length, and film thickness critically influenced the morphology and orientation of lamellar crystals of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) grown at a constant temperature. In contrast to the often-observed monotonic change from preferentially flat-on to edge-on crystals upon increasing film thickness, an unprecedented nonmonotonic change in the dominating orientation of lamellar crystals from edge-on to flat-on and back to edge-on was observed. In the thinnest films, size confinement and adsorption-induced alignment of the chains favored the nucleation and growth of edge-on lamellar crystals. Enhanced polymer–substrate interactions promoted the formation of edge-on lamellar crystals in the thinnest films with a higher molecular weight. (more..)
Anmol Arya, Solomon L. Joseph, Francois Vonau, Jean-Luc Bubendorff, Silvia Siegenführ, Laurent Simon, Günter Reiter. J. Phys. Chem. C 2026, 130, 5536–5546
In the course of electrospraying in a vacuum, polymers acquire electric charges, which are distributed along their backbone. Here, we demonstrate that these charges have a strong impact on the molecular ordering and spectroscopic properties of conjugated polymers when deposited on substrates with an insulating oxide layer. To this end, we electrosprayed varying amounts of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) onto silicon substrates with oxide layers of different thickness. The resulting morphologies were explored by atomic force microscopy. The corresponding spectroscopic properties, including their changes in time upon illumination, were derived from photoluminescence (PL) measurements. On insulating substrates, charges were retained on the polymer chains, causing long-range electrostatic repulsion and the formation of largely separated droplet-like objects containing multiple chains. These objects exhibited significant PL intensities for photons with a wavelength (λ) less than ca. 600 nm, suggesting the lack of π–π stacking interactions between P3HT chains. (more...)
Reversible Metamorphosis of a Conjugated Polymer Induced by Photoexcitation
Solomon Joseph, Anmol Arya, Günter Reiter. Advanced Photonics Research 7 (2026) e202500311
Optoelectronic properties of materials are frequently examined through spectroscopic tools based on the absorption and emission of (visible) photons. Typically, one assumes that these transient characterization processes do not cause observable change of these properties because of the low power of the employed light sources. However, for flexible conjugated polymers in a medium of low viscosity, it is decidedly unclear whether photoexcitation of electrons on the backbone of a long polymer chain has an influence on macromolecular conformations and the corresponding intermolecular interactions. Here, we provide clear experimental evidence that continuous absorption of photons progressively causes persistent changes in the spectroscopic properties of conjugated polymers, accompanied by microscopically observable changes in their spatial distribution within a low-viscosity matrix. By contrast, all these changes were completely absent in nonilluminated parts of the same sample.(more...)
Temperature dependence of crystal – melt coexistence for supported polyethylene filaments
Da Huang, Thorsten Hugel, Bizan N. Balzer, Günter Reiter. Nature Communications 16 (2025) 11127
The broken symmetry of molecular interactions at interfaces is causing that crystals are often covered by a thin liquid layer of their own melt. Such crystal–melt coexistence can be related to phenomena of surface premelting, secondary nucleation and melting point depression, particularly important for small systems. Here, we employed intermittent-contact mode atomic force microscopy imaging on nanoscopic semi-cylindrical filaments of polyethylene on a substrate to observe that these filaments contained a crystalline core bounded by molten regions of rather uniform width, W_soft= (9 ± 2) nm at room temperature, which increased reversibly with temperature T. Filaments smaller than ca. 2∙W_soft (T) were completely molten. The values of W_soft (T) compared favorably with theoretically predicted characteristic length scales in the context of nucleation, surface premelting and the melting point depression of finite size crystals. Altogether, we show that these three phenomena are related and dominated by the intermolecular forces acting at crystal surfaces. (more...)
Liste der Veröffentlichungen
- Residual stresses in thin polymer films cause rupture and dominate early stages of dewetting
- Günter Reiter, Moustafa Hamieh, Pascal Damman, Séverine Sclavons, Sylvain Gabriele, Thomas Vilmin, Elie Raphaël. Nature Materials 4, 754 (2005)
- Reply: Discussion of problems of non-equilibrium thermodynamics of polymers
- J.-U. Sommer and G. Reiter. Thermochimica Acta, 432, 153 (2005)
- Crystallization in Ultra-Thin Polymer Films/ Morphogenesis and Thermodynamical Aspects
- J.-U. Sommer and G. Reiter. Thermochimica Acta, 432, 135 (2005)
- Evolution of rim instabilities in the dewetting of slipping thin polymer films
- Günter Reiter. J. Adhesion 81, 381 (2005)
- Instability and droplet formation in evaporating thin films of a binary solution
- Leonid V. Govor, Jürgen Parisi, Gottfried H. Bauer and Günter Reiter. Phys. Rev. E 71, 051603 (2005)
- Morphology of an asymmetric ethyleneoxide-butadiene di-block copolymer in bulk and thin films
- D.M. Lambreva, R. Opitz, G. Reiter, P.M. Frederik and W.H. de Jeu. Polymer 46, 4868 (2005)
- Evolution of multilevel order in supramolecular assemblies
- F. Vonau, D. Suhr, D. Aubel, L. Bouteiller, G. Reiter and L. Simon. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 066103 (2005)
- Block formation during polymer crystallization
- T. Hippler, S. Jiang, G. Strobl. Macromolecules 38, 9396 (2005)
- Crystallization of a poly(ethylene-co-octene): I - A precursor structure and two competing mechanisms
- Andreas Häfele, Barbara Heck, Takahiko Kawai, Peter Kohn, Gert Strobl. Eur. Phys. J. E 16, 207-216 (2005)
- A thermodynamic multiphase scheme treating polymer crystallization and melting
- G. Strobl. Eur. Phys. J. E 18, 295-309 (2005)
- Crystallization of poly(ethylene-co-octene): II - Melt memory effects on first order kinetics
- Andreas Häfele, Barbara Heck, Thomas Hippler, Takahiko Kawai, Peter Kohn, Gert Strobl. Eur. Phys. J. E 16, 217-224 (2005)
- Dewetting on Model Surfaces: Transition from a Capillary Force Dominated to a Dissipation Dominated Regime
- Günter Reiter, Moustafa Hamieh, Nancy Baudelet, Séverine Sclavons, Pascal Damman. http://www.e-polymers.org (2004)
- Morphogenesis and non-equilibrium pattern formation in two-dimensional polymer crystallization
- Jens-Uwe Sommer and Günter Reiter. Phase Transition 77, 703-745 (2004)
- Nanoparticle ring formation in evaporating micron-size droplets
- Leonid V. Govor, Günter Reiter, Gottfried H. Bauer, Jürgen Parisi. Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 4774-4776 (2004)
- Self-assembled nanoparticle deposits formed at the contact line of evaporating micrometer-size droplets
- Leonid V. Govor, Günter Reiter, Jürgen Parisi, and Gottfried H. Bauer. Phys. Rev. E 69, 061609 (2004)
- Biocide squirting from an elastomeric tri-layer film
- Philippe Sonntag, Pierre Hoerner, André Chemoyl, Gilles Argy, Gérard Riess, Günter Reiter. Nature Materials 3, 311-315 (2004)
- Controlled melting of individual, nano-meter-sized, polymer crystals confined in a block copolymer mesostructure
- Cvetelin Vasilev, Harry Heinzelmann, Günter Reiter. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics Volume 42, 1312 – 1320 (2004)
- Crystallization mechanism of syndiotactic polypropylene analyzed by time-dependent light scattering
- T. Kawai, G. Strobl. Macromolecules 37, 2249-2255 (2004)
- The stress relaxation behavior of isotactic poly(1-butene) and its ethylene copolymers
- M. Al-Hussein M, G. Strobl. Journal of Polymer Science, Part B Polymer Physics 42, 2074-2080 (2004)
- Continuous changes in the inner order of the crystalline lamellae during isothermal crystallization of poly(is an element of-caprolactone)
- Kohn P, Strobl G. Macromolucules 37, 6823-6826 (2004)