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Mechanistically Different Mechanochromophores Enable Calibration and Validation of Molecular Forces in Glassy Polymers and Elastomeric Networks

Raphael Hertel, Maximilian Raisch, Michael Walter, Günter Reiter, Michael Sommer. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2024, e202409369

sommer.jpgSterically distorted donor-acceptor p‑systems, termed DA springs, can be progressively planarized under mechanical load causing a bathochromic shift of the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. By combining theory and experiment, we here use a simple linear force calibration for two different conformational mechanochromophores to determine molecular forces in polymers from the mechanochromic shift in PL wavelength during multiple uniaxial tensile tests. Two systems are used, i) a highly entangled linear glassy polyphenylene and ii) a covalent elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane network. The mean forces estimated by this method are validated using known threshold forces for the mechanochemical ring-opening reactions of two different spiropyran force probes. The agreement between both approaches underlines that these DA springs provide the unique opportunity for the online monitoring of local molecular forces present in diverse polymer matrices.(more...)



"Printing" on Polymer Single Crystals through Microregional Heating

Tianyu Wu, Haimu Ye, Xinyi Pan, Yaning He, Jun Xu, Günter Reiter. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2024, 6, 14, 7969–7977

tianyu.jpgPolymer single crystals are composed of well-ordered polymer chains and possess a characteristic symmetric shape. If one can precisely control the microregional morphology, polymer single crystals have the potential to be used as functional templates for applications like information storage or cell culture. However, with current experimental approaches, it is rather difficult to generate predictable structures of defined size within polymer single crystals. Here, we propose a research strategy based on a combination of fluorescence labeling and microregional heating by irradiation with focused red light. This approach enabled us to locally heat single crystals while simultaneously following the thereby induced changes via fluorescence imaging with a micrometer lateral resolution. We found that polymers diffused out of the heated region within a stacked single crystal and thereby produced a hole at the irradiated location. (more...)


Mechanism for the Formation of Millimeter-Long Solid Filaments by Spin Coating Dilute Solutions of a Crystallizable Polymer

Da Huang, Thorsten Hugel, and Günter Reiter. Macromolecules 2024, 57, 3696–3705

huang.jpgWe have investigated the formation of millimeter-long filaments induced by spin-coating ca. 130 °C dilute para-xylene solutions of rapidly crystallizable polyethylene chains with a contour length in the micrometer range onto ca. 80 °C mica substrates. These filaments were radially oriented and accumulated on the periphery of the substrate. Our observations can be explained by the stretching of polymers through the flow field induced by spinning the solution on a solid substrate. The corresponding loss in conformational entropy emphasized attractive interactions between polymers, which resulted in the formation of bundles and their assembly into long filaments. Caused by a Plateau–Rayleigh-type instability of a liquid coating on a solid filament and due to crystallization, these filaments were decorated with various small-scale structures. (more...)


 

Liste der Veröffentlichungen

A law controlling polymer recrystallization showing up in experiments on s-polypropylene
Barbara Heck, Silvia Siegenführ, Gert Strobl and Ralf Thomann. Polymer, 48, 1352-1359 (2007)
Stabilization, Reformation and Melting of Poly(L-Lactide) Crystallites
Tai-Yon Cho, Barbara Heck, Gert Strobl. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 25, 83 (2007)
The role of Frank elasticity in cholesteric elastomers
Werner Stille, Jürgen Schmidtke. Eur. Phys. J. E 22, 117 (2007)
Investigation of polymer crystallization kinetics with time dependent light attenuation measurements
J. Fritsch, W. Stille, G. Strobl. Colloid Polym. Sci. 284, 620 (2006)
Viscoelastic dewetting of constrained polymer thin films
Pascal Damman, Séverine Sclavons, Sylvain Gabriele, Sylvain Desprez, Günter Reiter, Moustafa Hamieh, Samer Al Akhrass, Thomas Vilmin, Elie Raphaël. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 44, 3022-3030 (2006)
Lamellar Crystal Orientations Biased by Crystallization Kinetics in Polymer Thin Films
Yu Ma, Wenbing Hu, Günter Reiter. Macromolecules 39, 5159-5164 (2006)
Disentanglement Time of Polymers Determines the Onset of Rim Instabilities in Dewetting
Sylvain Gabriele, Séverine Sclavons, Günter Reiter, Pascal Damman. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 156105 (2006)
The Formation of Ordered Polymer Structures at Interfaces
J.-U. Sommer and G. Reiter Advances in Polymer Science, 200, 1-36 (2006)
Elastomer polymer brushes on flat surface by bimolecular surface-initiated nitroxide mediated polymerization
Julien Parvole, Jean-Pierre Montfort, Günter Reiter, Oleg Borisov, Laurent Billon. Polymer, 47, 972-981 (2006)
The role of nonlinear friction in the dewetting of thin polymer films
T. Vilmin, E. Raphaël, P. Damman, S. Sclavons, S. Gabriele, M. Hamieh, G. Reiter. Europhys. Lett. 73, 906 - 912 (2006)
Self-Assembly of Nanoparticle Ring Patterns
Jürgen Parisi, Leonid V. Govor, Gottfried H. Bauer, Günter Reiter. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung Section A, A journal of physical sciences 61, 99-102 (2006)
Bilayer formation in thin film of a binary solution
Leonid V. Govor, Günter Reiter, Gottfried H. Bauer, Jürgen Parisi. Physics Letters A 353, 198–204 (2006)
Ordered Polymeric Nanostructures at Surfaces
Editors: G. Julius Vancso and Günter Reiter. Advances in Polymer Science 200 (2006), Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, ISBN: 3-540-31921-2, DOI: 10.1007/11605294, ISSN: 0065-3195 (Paper) 1436-5030 (Online)
Amorphous Thin Polymers Films: Consequences of Residual Stresses
G. Reiter, M. Hamieh, S. Al Akhrass, S. Sclavons, S. Gabriele, P. Damman, T. Vilmin, E. Raphaël. Makromolekulares Kolloquium Freiburg, “Macromolecular Bioscience”. 6 (2), F95 (2006)
Treelike branched structures formed in dewetting thin films of a binary solution
Leonid V. Govor, Günter Reiter, Gottfried H. Bauer, Jürgen Parisi. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 133126 (2006)
Self-assembled tree-like patterns from an evaporating binary solution
Leonid V. Govor, Günter Reiter, Gottfried H. Bauer, Jürgen Parisi. Phys. Rev. E 74, 061603 (2006)
Crystallization of block copolymers in restricted cylindrical geometries
Cvetelin Vasilev, Günter Reiter, Stergios Pispas, Nikos Hadjichristidis Polymer, 47, 330-340 (2006)
Network stretching during tensile drawing of polyethylene: A study using X-ray scattering and microscopy
Ke Hong, Gert Strobl. Macromulecules 39, 268-273 (2006)
Temperature dependent variations in the lamellar structure of poly(L-lactide)
Tai-Yon Cho, Gert Strobl. Polymer 47, 1036-1043 (2006)
Viscous-force-dominated tensile deformation behavior of oriented polyethylene
B. Na, Q. Zhang, Q. Fu, Y.F. Men, K. Hong, G. Strobl. Macromolecules 39, 2584-2591 (2006)
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